{"id":793,"date":"2020-11-02T01:18:21","date_gmt":"2020-11-02T01:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.vereinverfolgt.ch\/?p=793"},"modified":"2022-03-30T01:19:06","modified_gmt":"2022-03-30T01:19:06","slug":"isvicre-sosyal-yardim-hukuku-ile-ilgili-suclar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/?p=793","title":{"rendered":"\u0130SV\u0130\u00c7RE SOSYAL YARDIM HUKUKU \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 SU\u00c7LAR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Sosyal bir devlet olman\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak \u0130svi\u00e7re, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hayat \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmi\u015f asgari standartlar\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemesini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Devlet bu sorumlulu\u011funu, sosyal sigorta veya sosyal yard\u0131mlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili ki\u015filere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayni\/nakdi destekler ile yerine getirir. S\u00f6z konusu yard\u0131mdan yararlanmas\u0131 gerekenler ise ger\u00e7ek anlamda s\u00f6z konusu hayat standartlar\u0131na sahip olmayan ki\u015filerdir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 birtak\u0131m yollar ile sosyal yard\u0131m sisteminden yararlanmamalar\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan d\u00fczenleme \u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun&nbsp;148a maddesidir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re Sosyal Yard\u0131m Hukuku ile ilgili su\u00e7 olu\u015fturan eyleme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen cezalar ve bu eylemlerin hangi \u015fart ve ko\u015fullarda su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etti\u011fi \u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun&nbsp; 148a maddesinde a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bir \u015fekilde belirlemi\u015ftir. Sosyal sigorta veya sosyal yard\u0131m yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 madde sosyal sigorta ve sosyal yard\u0131m \u00f6deneklerinin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u015fekilde al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda olu\u015facak hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun 146(doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k) ve 251(evrakta sahtecilik) maddelerine de at\u0131f yaparak d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sosyal Sigorta veya Sosyal Yard\u0131m Yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Olarak Al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun 148a&nbsp; maddesine g\u00f6re sosyal yard\u0131mdan yararlanan bir ki\u015finin eylemlerinin su\u00e7 te\u015fkil edebilmesi i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 nesnel ve \u00f6znel unsuru bir arada bulundurmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nesnel unsurlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aldatma,<\/li><li>Hata,<\/li><li>Bir sosyal yard\u0131m\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u015fekilde al\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6znel unsurlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kas\u0131t (Niyet).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Maddeye g\u00f6re sosyal sigorta yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n veya sosyal yard\u0131mlar\u0131n yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle bu yard\u0131m\u0131 alan ya da yararlanan ki\u015finin kurumu aldatmaya y\u00f6nelik eylemlerde bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu eylem farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde olabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, yanl\u0131\u015f veya eksik bilgi yoluyla, \u00f6zellikle finansal veya ki\u015fisel ko\u015fullar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f beyan edilmesi yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir. Bir aldatma, \u00f6rne\u011fin birisinin durumunun de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini veya iyile\u015fti\u011fini rapor etmemesi durumunda, baz\u0131 ger\u00e7eklerin gizlenmesi \u015feklinde de olabilir. Aldatma, ma\u011fdur tarafta bir hataya yol a\u00e7mal\u0131 veya mevcut bir hatan\u0131n devam etmesini sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle hata, aldatman\u0131n bir sonucu olmal\u0131d\u0131r, yani aldatma ile hata aras\u0131nda nedensel bir ba\u011flant\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hata, yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 ki\u015finin veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir taraf\u0131n, yetkisi olmayan sosyal g\u00fcvenlik veya sosyal yard\u0131m \u00f6denekleri almas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Son \u00f6znel unsur olan kas\u0131tta fail, nesnel ger\u00e7e\u011fi bilerek ve isteyerek yerine getirmeli veya en az\u0131ndan istenilen sonucun elde edilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmal\u0131 ve kabul etmelidir. Yani sosyal yard\u0131mdan yararlanan ki\u015fi nesnel unsurlar\u0131n hepsini bilerek ve isteyerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun 148a maddesi ayr\u0131ca 146. maddeye&nbsp;at\u0131f yapmaktad\u0131r. Bu madde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu \u015fu \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlemektedir:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cKendini veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 yollarla zenginle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla, ger\u00e7ekleri taklit ederek veya bast\u0131rarak hileli bir \u015fekilde yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olan veya hileli bir \u015fekilde bir hata yapmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eden ve b\u00f6ylece hatal\u0131 olan\u0131n kendisine veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131na zarar verecek \u015fekilde davranan ki\u015fi, be\u015f y\u0131la kadar hapis veya para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su\u00e7lu ticari olarak hareket ederse, on y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 veya 90 g\u00fcnden az olmayan g\u00fcnl\u00fck para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu maddeye g\u00f6re su\u00e7un olu\u015fabilmesi ve bir ki\u015finin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki nesnel ve \u00f6znel kriterler kar\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nesnel ger\u00e7ekler<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hileli aldatma,<\/li><li>Hata (aldatman\u0131n bir sonucu olarak),<\/li><li>Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rma arzusu (hatan\u0131n sonucu olarak)<\/li><li>Mali kay\u0131p (ma\u011fdurun malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki azalma).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00fcbjektif ger\u00e7ekler<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kas\u0131t ve<\/li><li>Kendinizi veya bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirme niyeti.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"146\"><li>maddeye g\u00f6re doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in ki\u015finin kendisini ya da bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131 ile aldatmaya y\u00f6nelik, hatal\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgileri ma\u011fdur kuruma vermesi ve bunun sonucunda kendisinin ya da zenginle\u015ftirmeye niyet etti\u011fi ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131 ve bu durum ma\u011fdur kurumun malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azalmaya yol a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; yetkili makama kendileri taraf\u0131ndan bilinen bir hesab\u0131n bilgisini veren, ancak ihmal ile de olsa gizli bir hesaptaki varl\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamayan ki\u015filer bu su\u00e7u i\u015flemi\u015f olur. Ya da kendisi ad\u0131na olmayan ancak ba\u015fka birisi \u00fczerinden ticari faaliyet ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip bunu ilgili kuruma beyan etmeyen ki\u015fi de bu su\u00e7u i\u015flemi\u015f olur.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Evrakta Sahtecilik&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"148\"><li>maddenin at\u0131f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer madde, evrakta sahtecilik su\u00e7unu d\u00fczenleyen 251. maddedir&nbsp;: \u201cBirinin mal\u0131na veya di\u011fer haklar\u0131na zarar vermek veya kendisi veya ba\u015fkas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir avantaj elde etmek isteyen herkes, bir belgeyi tahrif eder veya tahrif eder, sahte bir belge olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek imzas\u0131n\u0131 veya el i\u015faretini kullan\u0131r veya yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde tasdik ederse evrakta sahtecilik su\u00e7u olu\u015fmu\u015f olur ve be\u015f y\u0131la kadar hapis veya para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle hafif vakalarda, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131la kadar hapis veya para cezas\u0131 tan\u0131nabilir.\u201d<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinin mal\u0131na veya di\u011fer haklar\u0131na zarar vermek veya kendisi veya ba\u015fkas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir avantaj elde etmek isteyen herkes bu su\u00e7u i\u015fleyebilir. Sosyal yard\u0131m hukukunda, kuruma sunulan belgelerde, belge sahibi sundu\u011fu belgelerde herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da kendisi ger\u00e7e\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir belge tanzim etti\u011fi takdirde bu su\u00e7u i\u015flemi\u015f olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin ki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir doktor raporunu kendisi d\u00fczenler ya da d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir belgenin \u00f6rne\u011fin s\u00fcresinde bir tahrifat yaparsa da bu su\u00e7u olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re Ceza Kanununun yukar\u0131da ele al\u0131nan maddelerinden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere Sosyal Yard\u0131m Hukuku \u00e7ok dikkatle hareket edilmesi gereken, en ufak yanl\u0131\u015f beyan veya bilgilendirmenin dahi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil edebilece\u011fi bir aland\u0131r. Bu nedenle hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez zararlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ve ehemmiyet g\u00f6sterilmesi gereken bir husustur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html\">https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html#a148a\">Art. 148<em>a<\/em>&nbsp;1. Strafbare Handlungen gegen das Verm\u00f6gen. \/ Unrechtm\u00e4ssiger Bezug von Leistungen einer Sozialversicherung oder der Sozialhilfe<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unrechtm\u00e4ssiger Bezug von Leistungen einer Sozialversicherung oder der Sozialhilfe<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wer jemanden durch unwahre oder unvollst\u00e4ndige Angaben, durch Verschweigen von Tatsachen oder in anderer Weise irref\u00fchrt oder in einem Irrtum best\u00e4rkt, sodass er oder ein anderer Leistungen einer Sozialversicherung oder der Sozialhilfe bezieht, die ihm oder dem andern nicht zustehen, wird mit Freiheitsstrafe bis zu einem Jahr oder Geldstrafe bestraft.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In leichten F\u00e4llen ist die Strafe Busse.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Art. 146 1. Strafbare Handlungen gegen das Verm\u00f6gen. \/ Betrug<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Betrug<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1 Wer in der Absicht, sich oder einen andern unrechtm\u00e4ssig zu bereichern, jemanden durch Vorspiegelung oder Unterdr\u00fcckung von Tatsachen arglistig irref\u00fchrt oder ihn in einem Irrtum arglistig best\u00e4rkt und so den Irrenden zu einem Verhalten bestimmt, wodurch dieser sich selbst oder einen andern am Verm\u00f6gen sch\u00e4digt, wird mit Freiheitsstrafe bis zu f\u00fcnf Jahren oder Geldstrafe bestraft.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2 Handelt der T\u00e4ter gewerbsm\u00e4ssig, so wird er mit Freiheitsstrafe bis zu zehn Jahren oder Geldstrafe nicht unter 90 Tagess\u00e4tzen bestraft.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3 Der Betrug zum Nachteil eines Angeh\u00f6rigen oder Familiengenossen wird nur auf Antrag verfolgt.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.admin.ch\/opc\/de\/classified-compilation\/19370083\/index.html#a251\">Art. 251<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Urkundenf\u00e4lschung<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Wer in der Absicht, jemanden am Verm\u00f6gen oder an andern Rechten zu sch\u00e4digen oder sich oder einem andern einen unrechtm\u00e4ssigen Vorteil zu verschaffen, eine Urkunde f\u00e4lscht oder verf\u00e4lscht, die echte Unterschrift oder das echte Handzeichen eines andern zur Herstellung einer unechten Urkunde ben\u00fctzt oder eine rechtlich erhebliche Tatsache unrichtig beurkundet oder beurkunden l\u00e4sst, eine Urkunde dieser Art zur T\u00e4uschung gebraucht, wird mit Freiheitsstrafe bis zu f\u00fcnf Jahren oder Geldstrafe bestraft.<\/li><li>In besonders leichten F\u00e4llen kann auf Freiheitsstrafe bis zu drei Jahren oder Geldstrafe erkannt werden.<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sosyal bir devlet olman\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak \u0130svi\u00e7re, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hayat \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmi\u015f asgari standartlar\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemesini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Devlet bu sorumlulu\u011funu, sosyal sigorta veya sosyal yard\u0131mlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili ki\u015filere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayni\/nakdi destekler ile yerine getirir. S\u00f6z konusu yard\u0131mdan yararlanmas\u0131 gerekenler ise ger\u00e7ek anlamda s\u00f6z konusu hayat standartlar\u0131na sahip olmayan ki\u015filerdir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"button small blue\" href=\"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/?p=793\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rechtskommission"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=793"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/793\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":794,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/793\/revisions\/794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=793"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vereinverfolgt.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}